Genetically modified food products: peculiarities of genetic identification

View or download the full article: 
PDF icon health-risk-analysis-2018-4-8.pdf
UDC: 
338.45: 616.2: 613.6.02
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2018.4.08.eng
Authors: 

G.F. Mukhammadiyeva1, D.O. Karimov1, O.V. Dolgikh2, A.V. Krivtsov2, A.A. Mazunina2

Organization: 

1Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, 94 Stepan Kuvykin Str., Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation
2Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

Our research goal was to perform a genetic analysis of food stuffs produced in Russia in order to determine whether ge-netically modified components, predominantly soya, occurred in them. We also set a task to draw up an optimal list of genetic modifiers for sausages and soya products; this list was to be applied as a tool for monitoring of undeclared GMO and for providing biological safety of food stuffs. We applied polymerase chain reaction in real-time mode to analyze certain food prod-ucts (sausages and soya products); the analysis was to reveal genetically modified organisms. The task was to identify the fol-lowing GMO genes: promoters (p35SCaMV, P-SSuAra, Ubi1, ract1, hsp70, TA29 tobacco promoter), terminators (nos3, T-E9, T-g7, T-OCS), reporter genes (nptll, qHptFP308, bar, pat_10-P), bio-pesticides Bacillus Thuringensis (Bt) or Cry-toxins (Cry1Ab/Ac), reporter gene of β-glucuronidase (GUS-gene). Analysis of some sausage samples allowed us to identify the following GMO genes: Cry1Ab/Ac, P-FMV, P-nos, bar, gus_9-P, Т-nos3, nptii, P-TA29, T-E9, T-g7, T-OCS. The research performed on food products revealed GMO in 56 % of the analyzed sausage samples. Genetic modification of the analyzed food samples had its peculiarities; a set of identified genes that included promoter genes P-FMV, terminators (nos3, T-g7, T-OCS), Cry1Ab/Ac endo-toxin, and a reporter of GMO bar was one of them. We recommend to use the following candidate genes for GMO contents in food products: Cry1Ab/Ac, P-FMV, P-nos, bar, gus_9-P, Т-nos3, nptii, P-TA29, T-E9, T-g7, T-OCS. They all are evidence that genetic modifications took place and they all can be applied as marker genes for control over food products safety as per GMO contents criterion.

Keywords: 
genetically modified organisms, genes, promoters, terminators, food products safety, polymerase chain reaction, DNA
Mukhammadiyeva G.F., Karimov D.O., Dolgikh O.V., Krivtsov A.V., Mazunina A.A. Genetically modified food products: peculiarities of genetic identification. Health Risk Analysis, 2018, no. 4, pp. 75–80. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2018.4.08.eng
References: 
  1. Bawa A.S., Anilakumar K.R. Genetically modified foods: safety, risks and public concerns-a review. J Food Sci. Technol., 2013, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1035–1046. DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0899-1
  2. Wu Y., Li J., Wang Y., Li X., Li Y., Zhu L., Li J., Wu G. Development and application of a general plasmid reference material for GMO screening. Plasmid, 2016, vol. 87–88, pp. 28–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2016.08.001
  3. James C. Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops: 2014. ISAAA Brief. ISAAA: Ithaca, NY, 2014, no. 49, pp. 10–15.
  4. Donnik I.M., Voronin B.A. Legal regulation of genetic engineering in agriculture in the Russian Federation. Agrarnyi vestnik Urala, 2017, vol. 156, no. 2, pp. 4 (in Russian).
  5. Muratov A.A., Moskovenko N.V., Tikhonov S.L., Tikhonova N.V., Kurdyumov A.V. Normativno-pravovye aspekty regulirovaniya geneticheski modifitsirovannykh produktov na territorii Tamozhennogo soyuza [Regulatory aspects of the regulation of genetically modified products in the territory of the Customs Union]. Agroprodovol'stvennaya politika Rossii, 2017, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 78–83 (in Russian).
  6. Tutel'yan V.A. Obespechenie bezopasnosti genno-inzhenerno-modifitsirovannykh organizmov dlya proizvodstva pishchevykh produktov [Ensuring the safety of genetically engineered and modified organisms for food production]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2017, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 342–347. DOI: 10.7868/S0869587317040090 (in Russian).
  7. Tyshko N.V. Control over genetically-modified sources of plant origin in food: scientific basis and methodical maintenance. Voprosy pitaniya, 2017, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 29–33 (in Russian).
  8. Chernysheva O.N., Sorokina E.Yu. Analytical methods for control of foodstuffs made from bioengineered plants. Vo-prosy pitaniya, 2013, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 53–60 (in Russian).
  9. Zaitseva N.V., Ulanova T.S., Dolgikh O.V., Nurislamova T.V., Mal’tseva O.A. Diagnostics of Early Changes in the Immune System Due to Low Concentration of N-Nitrosamines in the Blood. Bull Exp Biol Med., 2018, vol. 164, no. 3, P. 334–338. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-3984-2
  10. Gerdes L., Busch U., Pecoraro S. GMOfinder – a GMO screening database. Food Analytical Methods, 2012, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1368–1376. DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9378-6
  11. Morisset D., Novak P.K., Zupanič D., Gruden K., Lavrač N., Žel J. GMOseek: a user friendly tool for optimized GMO testing. BMC Bioinformatics, 2014, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 258. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-258
  12. Angers-Loustau A., Petrillo M., Bonfini L., Gatto F., Rosa S., Patak A., Kreysa J. JRC GMO-Matrix: a web applica-tion to support Genetically Modified Organismsdetection strategies. BMC Bioinformatics, 2014, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 417. DOI: 10.1186/s12859-014-0417-8
  13. Alasaad N., Alzubi H., Kader A.A. Data in support of the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food and feed samples. Data Brief, 2016, vol. 7, pp. 243–252. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.02.035
  14. Debode F., Janssen E., Berben G. Development of 10 new screening PCR assays for GMO detection targeting pro-moters (pFMV, pNOS, pSSuAra, pTA29, pUbi, pRice actin) and terminators (t35S, tE9, tOCS, tg7). Eur Food Res Technol., 2013, vol. 236, no. 4, pp. 659–669. DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-1921-1
  15. Debode F., Janssen E., Bragard C., Berben G. Detection by real-time PCR and pyrosequencing of the cry1Ab and cry1Ac genes introduced in genetically modified (GM) constructs. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2017, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 1398–1409. DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1317925
  16. Dörries H.H., Remus I., Grönewald A., Grönewald C., Berghof-Jäger K. Development of a qualitative, multiplex real-time PCR kit for screening of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Anal. Bioanal Chem., 2010, vol. 396, no. 6, pp. 2043–2054. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3149-2
  17. Gu K., Mao H., Yin Z. Production of marker-free transgenic Jatropha curcas expressing hybrid Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin Cry1Ab/1Ac for resistance to larvae of tortrix moth (Archips micaceanus). Biotechnol Biofuels, 2014, vol. 7, pp. 68. DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-68
  18. Randhawa G.J., Singh M. Multiplex, construct-specific, and real-time PCR-based analytical methods for Bt rice with cry1Ac gene. J. AOAC Int., 2012, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 186–194.
  19. Hernandez-Rodriguez C.S., Hernandez-Martinez P., Van Rie J., Escriche B., Ferre J. Shared midgut binding sites for Cry1A.105, Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis in two important corn pests, Ostrinia nubilalis and Spodoptera frugiperda. PLoS One, 2013, vol. 8, no. 7, рр. e68164. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068164
  20. Bahrdt C., Krech A.B., Wurz A., Wulff D. Validation of a newly developed hexaplex real-time PCR assay for screening for presence of GMOs in food, feed and seed. Anal Bioanal Chem., 2010, vol. 396, no. 6, pp. 2103–2112. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3380-x
Received: 
19.09.2018
Accepted: 
15.11.2018
Published: 
30.12.2018

You are here

Home