Actual problems of environmental factors risk assessment on human health and ways to improve it

View or download the full article: 
Authors: 

Y.A. Rakhmanin, S.М. Novikov, S.L. Аvаliani, O.O. Sinitsyna, T.A. Shashina

Organization: 

A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Russian Federation, Moscow, 10, bld.1, Pogodinskaya str., 119991, GSP-1

Abstract: 

The article provides an analysis of global trends and new areas of health risk assessment and analysis methodology caused by exposure to chemicals, environmental pollutants, and the contemporary issues of national assessment methodology. Most details are considered: risk assessment evidence base, modern methods and problems of carcinogenic risk assessment, hygienic regulation based on risk assessment, the economic aspects of the methodology. Particular attention is paid to reasons of recent years perceived gaps in the Russian methodological basis of the best foreign samples. The urgent measures to improve the national risk assessment methodology are proposed, the main of which are: legislative consolidation of the basic concepts of risk assessment, a further update of the methodology and the practice of hygienic regulation on the basis of risk assessment, improving the valuation of damage to human health, the tightening of the requirements to the developed regulatory guidance documents on risk assessment, as well as to the training and retraining of personnel in the risk assessment.

Keywords: 
evidence-based risk assessment, risk analysis, carcinogenic effects, hygienic regulation
Rakhmanin Y.A., Novikov S.М., Аvаliani S.L., Sinitsyna O.O., Shashina T.A. Actual problems of environmental factors risk assessment on human health and ways to improve it. Health Risk Analysis, 2015, no. 2, pp. 4-11. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2015.2.01.eng
References: 
  1. Avaliani S.L., Novikov S.M., Shashina T.A., Skvortsova N.S.,Mishina A.L. Problemy garmonizatsii normativov atmosfernykh zagryazneniy i puti ikh resheniya [Issues of ambient air pollutants standards harmonization and ways of solution]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2012, no 5, рр. 75–78.
  2. Avaliani S.L., Novikov S.M., Shashina T.A., Dodina N.S., Kislitsin V.A., Mishina A.L. Problemy sovershenstvovaniya sistemy upravleniya kachestvom okruzhayushchey sredy na osnove analiza riska zdorov'yu naseleniya [Issues of improvement of environment quality management system based on health risk analysis]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2014, no. 6, pp. 5–9.
  3. GOST R ISO/MEK 31010-2011. Menedzhment riska. Metody otsenki riska. [Risk management. Methods of risk assessment]. Moskva: Standartinform, 2012.
  4. Zagaynova A.V., Rakhmanin Yu.A., Talaeva Yu.G., Ivanov S.I., Artemova T.Z., Nedachin A.E., Gipp E.K., Butorina N.N. Otsenka mikrobnogo riska dlya ustanovleniya zavisimosti mezhdu kachestvom vody i zabolevaemost'yu naseleniya kishechnymi infektsiyami [Microbial risk assessment to establish water quality-enteric infection morbidity relationships]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2010, no 3, pp. 28–31.
  5. Krasovskiy G.N., Zholdakova Z.I., Egorova N.A. Metodicheskie osnovy uskorennogo gigienicheskogo normirovaniya vrednykh veshchestv v vode [Methodological basis of accelerated standardization of chemicals in water]. Problemy porogovosti v toksikologii, Moscow, 1979, pp. 27–51.
  6. Novikov S.M., Fokin M.V., Bespalov M.S., Reteyum A.Yu. Otsenka riska dlya zdorov'ya naseleniya ot vozdeystviya aviatsionnogo shuma [Health risk assessment due to aircraft noise exposure]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2009, no 5, pp. 29–32.
  7. Novikov S.M., Shashina T.A Prognozirovanie ostrykh ingalyatsionnykh effektov pri otsenke riska zdo-rov'yu naseleniya [Prediction of acute inhalation effects using health risk assessment]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2008, no 6, pp. 77–82.
  8. Novikov S.M., Shashina t.A., Khamidulina Kh.Kh., Skvortsova N.S. Aktual'nye problemy v sisteme gosu-darstvennogo regulirovaniya khimicheskoy bezopasnosti [Current issues in state regulation system of chemical safety]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2013, no 4, pp. 19–24.
  9. R 2.1.10.1920-04. Rukovodstvo po otsenke riska dlya zdorov'ya naseleniya pri vozdeystvii khimicheskikh veshchestv, zagryaznyayushchikh okruzhayushchuyu sredu [Guidelines R 2.1.10.1920–04. Guidelines for health risk assessment of exposure to chemical substances polluting the environment]. Moskva, Rospotrebnadzor, 2004, 143 p.
  10. Rakhmanin Yu.A. Nauchno-metodicheskie podkhody k sovershenstvovaniyu «Rukovodstva po otsenke riska zdorov'yu naseleniya pri vozdeystvii khimicheskikh veshchestv, zagryaznyayushchikh okruzhayushchuyu sredu» na baze poslednikh mirovykh dostizheniy v oblasti analiza riska [Scientific and methodological approaches to improvement of “Guidelines for health risk assessment of exposure to chemical substances polluting the envi-ronment” based on latest international achievement in the field of health risk assessment]. Zdorov'e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya, 2010, no 11, pp. 4–6.
  11. Rakhmanin Yu.A., Zaytseva N.V., Shur P.Z., Novikov S.M, May I.V., Kir'yanov D.A., Kobyakova O.A. Nauchno-metodicheskie i ekonomicheskie aspekty resheniya regional'nykh problem v oblasti meditsiny okruz-hayushchey sredy [Scientific, methodological and commercial aspects of salvation of regional issues in the field of environmental health]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2005, no 6, pp. 6–9.
  12. Rumyantsev G.I., Novikov S.M. Raschetnoe opredelenie predel'no dopustimykh kontsentratsiy vrednykh veshchestv v atmosfernom vozdukhe [Calculation of threshold level value for ambient air pollutants]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 1981, no 9, pp. 37–39
  13. Fletcher R., Fletcher S., Vagner E. Klinicheskaya epidemiologiya. Osnovy dokazatel'noy meditsiny [Clin-ical epidemiology. Basis of evidence based medicine]. Per. s angl. – Moscow. Media sfera, 3-e izd., 2004. – 352 s.
  14. 1490-2011 - IEEE Guide – Adoption of the Project Management Institute (PMI(R)) Standard A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK(R) Guide)-Fourth Edition.
  15. 2nd edition of the Technical Guidance Document (TGD) on Risk Assessment of Chemical Substances fol-lowing European Regulations and Directives European Chemicals Bureau (ECB) JRC-Ispra (VA), Italy, April 2003.
  16. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK Guide), Project Management Institute, Fifth Edition, 2013
  17. Gödel, Kurt On Formally Undecidable Propositions of the Principia Mathematica and Related Systems. I. – 1931 at: Martin Davis (ed.) The Undecidable: Basic Papers On Undecidable Propositions, Unsolvable Problems And Computable Functions. New York: Raven Press, 1965, pp. 6–8.
  18. ISO/IEC 31010:2009. International standard Norme Internationale, Risk management – Risk assessment techniques, 03.100.01, 2009, 192 p.
  19. Next Generation Risk Assessment: Incorporation of Recent Advances in Molecular, Computational and Systems Biology (External Review Draft), 2014, 196 p.
  20. Nielsen E., Ostergaard G., Larsen J.Ch. Toxicological Risk Assessment of Chemicals: A Practical Guide, Informa, 2008, 478 p.
  21. WHO Chemical Risk Assessment Network, WHO: Public Health and Environment. Corporate publica-tions, 2013.
  22. WHO Human Health Risk Assessment Toolkit: Chemical Hazards. – Geneve, World Health Organization, 2013.

You are here