Polymorphism of the ApoE gene as a risk factor of obesity in workers exposed to occupational hazards at ferrous metallurgy enterprises

View or download the full article: 
PDF icon health-risk-analysis-2023-2-15.pdf
UDC: 
577:575:614.8.086 (470.54)
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2023.2.15.eng
Authors: 

D.D. Polyanina, I.А. Bereza, А.М. Amromina, D.R. Shaikhova, S.G. Astakhova, М.P. Sutunkova, V.B. Gurvich

Organization: 

Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popova Str., Ekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

Obesity contributes to the development of severe concomitant diseases and substantially degrades the quality of life. This pathological condition is caused by multiple risk factors including hazardous workplace exposures and genetic predisposition. The ApoE gene participates in regulation of lipid metabolism. Its most significant polymorphisms are rs429358 and rs7412 with the resulting е2, е3 and е4 alleles.

This study did not consider effects of electromagnetic fields generated by office electrical equipment or the lifestyle of the subjects. The sample included people with a large age difference due to the rarity of the apolipoprotein е2 and е4 alleles. The sample was not standardized by age and years of work experience.

The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the ApoE gene polymorphisms and body mass index in workers employed at a metallurgic plant.

We examined 328 male office workers and workers of a converter workshop. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the results of instrumental measurements of weight and height using the conventional formula. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood using the LumiPure DNA gel extraction kit, and polymorphisms were determined using amplification by Calero et al with modifications and horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal – Wallis test.

Statistically significant differences were established in the blue-collar workers. The highest mean BMI value was established in the e2 allele carriers.

We found that people with the e2 allele in their genotype were more prone to obesity. We also assume a potential association between the unsafe work environment and a more pronounced manifestation of the phenotype. These findings can be used for identifying individuals at risk and taking timely preventive measures.

Keywords: 
ApoE, obesity, risk factors, BMI, lipid metabolism, ferrous metallurgy, harmful production, cholesterol
Polyanina D.D., Bereza I.А., Amromina А.М., Shaikhova D.R., Astakhova S.G., Sutunkova М.P., Gurvich V.B. Polymorphism of the ApoE gene as a risk factor of obesity in workers exposed to occupational hazards at ferrous metallurgy enterprises. Health Risk Analysis, 2023, no. 2, pp. 155–159. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2023.2.15.eng
References: 
  1. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization, 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight (March 03, 2023).
  2. Guh D.P., Zhang W., Bansback N., Amarsi Z., Birmingham C.L., Anis A.H. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 2009, vol. 9, pp. 88. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-88
  3. Malik V.S., Willet W.C., Hu F.B. Nearly a decade on — trends, risk factors and policy implications in global obesity. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol., 2020, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 615–616. DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-00411-y
  4. Rosstat izuchil ratsion rossiyan [Rosstat studied Russians’ diets]. Rosstat, 2019. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/313/document/70761 (March 03, 2023) (in Russian).
  5. Luckhaupt S.E., Cohen M.A., Li J., Calvert G.M. Prevalence of obesity among US workers and associations with occupational factors. Am. J. Prev. Med., 2014, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 237–248. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.11.002
  6. Salem V., AlHusseini N., Razack H.I.A., Naoum A., Sims O.T., Alqahtani S.A. Prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for obesity in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Obes. Rev., 2022, vol. 23, no. 7, pp. e13448. DOI: 10.1111/obr.13448
  7. Kontsevaya A., Shalnova S., Deev A., Breda J., Jewell J., Rakovac I., Conrady A., Rotar O. [et al.]. Overweight and Obesity in the Russian Population: Prevalence in Adults and Association with Socioeconomic Parameters and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Obes. Facts, 2019, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 103–114. DOI: 10.1159/000493885
  8. Van der Valk E.S., van den Akker E.L.T., Savas M., Kleinendorst L., Visser J.A., Van Haelst M.M., Sharma A.M., van Rossum E.F.C. A comprehensive diagnostic approach to detect underlying causes of obesity in adults. Obes. Rev., 2019, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 795–804. DOI: 10.1111/obr.12836
  9. Riedel B.C., Thompson P.M., Brinton R.D. Age, APOE and sex: Triad of risk of Alzheimer’s disease. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 2016, vol. 160, pp. 134–147. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.012
  10. Gylling H., Miettinen T.A. Cholesterol absorption and synthesis related to low density lipoprotein metabolism during varying cholesterol intake in men with different apoE phenotypes. J. Lipid Res., 1992, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1361–1371.
  11. Nunes V.S., Cazita P.M., Catanozi S., Nakandakare E.R., Quintão E.C.R. Decreased content, rate of synthesis and export of cholesterol in the brain of apoE knockout mice. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr., 2018, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 283–287. DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9757-9
  12. Mahley R.W., Rall S.C. Jr. Apolipoprotein E: Far More Than a Lipid Transport Protein. Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet., 2000, vol. 1, pp. 507–537. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genom.1.1.507
  13. Hatters D.M., Peters-Libeu C.A., Weisgraber K.H. Apolipoprotein E structure: insights into function. Trends Biochem. Sci., 2006, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 445–454. DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.06.008
  14. Calero O., Hortigüela R., Bullido M.J., Calero M. Apolipoprotein E genotyping method by Real Time PCR, a fast and cost-effective alternative to the TaqMan and FRET assays. J. Neurosci. Methods, 2009, vol. 183, no. 2, pp. 238–240. DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.06.033
  15. Tejedor M.T., Garcia-Sobreviela M.P., Ledesma M., Arbones-Mainar J.M. The Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism rs7412 Associates with Body Fatness Independently of Plasma Lipids in Middle Aged Men. PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. e108605. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108605
  16. Ozen E., Mihaylova R.G., Lord N.J., Lovegrove J.A., Jackson K.G. Association between APOE Genotype with Body Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers Is Modulated by BMI in Healthy Adults: Findings from the BODYCON Study. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2022, vol. 23, no. 17, pp. 9766. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179766
  17. Jones N.S., Rebeck G.W. The Synergistic Effects of APOE Genotype and Obesity on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2018, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 63. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010063
  18. Weisgraber K.H. Apolipoprotein E: Structure-Function Relationships. Adv. Protein Chem., 1994, vol. 45, pp. 249–302. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60642-7
  19. Ruiz J., Kouiavskaia D., Migliorini M., Robinson S., Saenko E.L., Gorlatova N., Li D., Lawrence D. [et al.]. The apoE isoform binding properties of the VLDL receptor reveal marked differences from LRP and the LDL receptor. J. Lipid Res., 2005, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 1721–173. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M500114-JLR200
  20. Matsunaga A., Saito T. Apolipoprotein E mutations: a comparison between lipoprotein glomerulopathy and type III hyperlipoproteinemia. Clin. Exp. Nephrol., 2014, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 220–224. DOI: 10.1007/s10157-013-0918-1
Received: 
14.04.2023
Approved: 
19.06.2023
Accepted for publication: 
23.06.2023

You are here

Home