Epidemiologic aspects in prevention of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (Literature review)

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UDC: 
616-036.22
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2022.1.19.eng
Authors: 

T.M. Butaev1, A.S. Tsirikhova1, D.V. Kabaloeva1, D.O. Kudukhova1,2

Organization: 

1North-Ossetian State Medical Academy, 40 Pushkinskaya Str., Vladikavkaz, 362019, Russian Federation
2 The Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being, Regional office in the Republic of North Ossetia Alania, 17A Tel'mana Str., Vladikavkaz, 362021, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

At the end of 2019 the mankind had to face a new coronavirus infection with higher virulence which resulted in its rapid spread all over the world and in an ultimate pandemic. Initially a new virus which causes COVID-19 was called 2019-nCoV but it soon acquired its well-known name, SARS-CoV-2. We can positively state that this new coronavirus infection will remain in the history of world public healthcare as a disease that caused a collapse in rendering medical aid. Undoubtedly, this new coro-navirus infection has changed customary lifestyle of the overall world population.
This review can be considered problematic in its essence and focuses on examining contemporary trends in the official epidemiologic situation in the world regarding the new coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2). Having analyzed several foreign and domestic documents, the authors revealed a necessity to enhance levels and quality of COVID-19 epidemiologic diagnostics. There is a suggestion being considered at the moment on including additional clinical and diagnostic activities aimed at preventing further spread of the new coronavirus infection. We should note that data on COVID-19-related mortality and morbidity are renewed every day and every hour. Given that, it seems rather difficult to keep in line with the latest trends in COVID-19 prevention and epidemiologic diagnostics. However, the authors made an attempt to possibly collect all the latest data on epidemiological peculiarities related to the clinical course of the new coronavirus infection. The authors have a hope that this review will be useful for epidemiologists when they detect new cases of the disease as well as for lecturers at medical higher educational establishments when they train students and resident physicians.

Keywords: 
new coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, basic reproductive number, pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome – SARS, children, pregnant women, fecal-oral transmission, prevention
Butaev T.M., Tsirikhova A.S., Kabaloeva D.V., Kudukhova D.O. Epidemiologic aspects in prevention of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (Literature review). Health Risk Analysis, 2022, no. 1, pp. 176–185. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2022.1.19.eng
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Received: 
23.08.2021
Approved: 
21.02.2022
Accepted for publication: 
11.03.2022

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