Assessing risks of infection with herpes viruses during transfusion of donor blood and its components

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UDC: 
616.91: 614.446: 578.825.1
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2020.2.15.eng
Authors: 

T.V. Solomay1, T.A. Semenenko2,3, N.V. Karazhas2, T.N. Rybalkina2, M.N. Kornienko2, R.E. Bosh'yan2,3, S.A. Golosova4, I.V. Ivanova4

Organization: 

1Inter-regional Office No. 1 of the Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, 6A 1st Pekhotnyi lane, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
2Honor Academician N.F. Gamalei’s National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 18 Gamalei Str., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation
3I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 Bld., 2 Bol'shaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russian Federation
4Blood Center of the Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, 2 Bld., 6 Shchukinskaya Str., Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

A primary task transfusion medicine should solve is to provide infection safety of donor blood and its components.
Our research goal was to assess potential risks of a recipient being infected with herpes viruses during transfusion of donor blood and its components and to suggest a set of activities aimed at the risk reduction.
We examined blood samples taken from 142 donors who permanently resided in Moscow; our task was to detect markers of active infections caused by herpes simplex viruses, types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus, and human herpes type 6 virus. Immunoglobulins M and G were determined with ELISA test; antigens, via an indirect immune fluorescence reaction combined with rapid cultural technique. All the donors successfully passed all the selection procedures and were accepted for donation.
Active forms were most frequently detected for infections caused by EBV (11.97±2.73 per 100 examined) and human herpes type 6 virus (9.86±2.51 per 100 examined), and it was accordingly 10 and 8.96 times higher than data given by other authors. It indicates there was high epidemic activity of these infectious agents in Moscow city in November-December 2019 and higher risks of recipients being infected with EBV and human herpes type 6 virus with donor blood and its components. Frequency of detecting donors with active infections caused by herpes simples, types 1 and 2, EBV, cytomegalovirus, and human herpes type 6 virus amounted to 27.46±3.76 per 100 examined. Frequency of detecting donors bearing antigens to herpes viruses in their blood amounted to 20.42±3.39 per 100 examined. Risk of potential infecting with examined herpes viruses during blood transfusions amounted to 40.85 per 100 recipients.
In order to reduce this risk, we suggest wide implementation of leuko- and pathogen reduction of stored donor blood and its components.

Keywords: 
risk assessment, infection risk, herpes viruses, blood examination, donors, donor blood and its components, infection safety, transfusion
Solomay T.V., Semenenko T.A., Karazhas N.V., Rybalkina T.N., Kornienko M.N., Bosh'yan R.E., Golosova S.A., Ivanova I.V. Assessing risks of infection with herpes viruses during transfusion of donor blood and its components. Health Risk Analysis, 2020, no. 2, pp. 135–142. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2020.2.15.eng
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Received: 
10.02.2020
Accepted: 
04.06.2020
Published: 
30.06.2020

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