New mechanisms for regulation of industrial emissions into the atmosphere: a conceptual look at prospects and problems from sanitary-epidemiological point of view

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UDC: 
614.7
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2020.2.01.eng
Authors: 

N.V. Zaitseva, I.V. May

Organization: 

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

The article considers the main aspects of environmental regulation of chemicals emissions into the atmosphere, based on the principles of quotas for individual business entities. It is shown that new approaches to establishing permissible emissions are an important step towards taking into account human health indicators while limiting the negative impact of all types of emission sources. The main positive innovations are the consideration of long-term pollution indicators, verification of calculated data by field measurements and the use of risk assessment methodology when choosing priority substances.
A comparative analysis of the results of emissions despersion simulating and instrumental data (at the environmental monitoring observation points) showed the need to adjust the consolidated databases of emission sources in the territories of the federal "Clean Air" project.
A conceptual scheme is proposed for establishing limits for permissible emissions from the standpoint of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.
It is proposed to supplement the normatively fixed algorithm with a number of steps that will ensure not only compliance with established hygienic standards for air quality, but also take into account the consequences of multicomponent pollution specific to each city. Such steps include identifying unacceptable risk zones in the territories, assessing the contribution of each business entities to health risks and assessing the residual risk after the implementation of separate environmental protection measures and the totality of comprehensive plans measures.
The authors indicate that achieving acceptable risk should be supported by epidemiological data on the territory and the results of in-depth biomedical research. The purpose of such studies is to form a reliable evidence base of absence or preservation of public health harm in the conditions of reducing emissions to level of environmental standards.

Keywords: 
emission sources, summary databases, emission quotas, atmosphere air, risk, health harm
Zaitseva N.V., May I.V. New mechanisms for regulation of industrial emissions into the atmosphere: a conceptual look at prospects and problems from sanitary-epidemiological point of view. Health Risk Analysis, 2020, no. 2. pp. 4–15. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2020.2.01.eng
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Received: 
03.06.2020
Accepted: 
13.06.2020
Published: 
30.06.2020

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