Influence exerted by natural-climatic conditions on air quality on areas where open-air sport facilities are located (on the example of Kazan)
N.Kh. Davletova1, Е.А. Tafeeva2
1Povolzhskaya State Academy for Physical Culture, Sport, and Tourism, 35 Universiada Viollage, Kazan', Russian Federation
2Kazan State Medical University, 49 ButlerovaStr., g. Kazan', 420012, RussianFederation
Atmospheric air contamination holds the first place among priority factors which determine environmental risks for sportsmen's health at open-air sport facilities. Training processes especially those aimed at aerobic endurance development and improvement are inefficient under ecologically unfavorable conditions. Our research goal was to assess atmospheric air quality on territories where open-air sport facilities were located in Kazan. Our initial materials were data on contaminants emissions on Kazan territory, results of instrumental research on air quality, data taken from state Reports on natural resources and environmental protection issued in Tatarstan in 2006–2016.
We examined impacts exerted by meteorological conditions on dispersion and accumulation of emissions from stationary sources and automobile transport in close proximity to open-air sport facilities. We charted all the open-air sport facilities and enterprises and assessed mutual influences by various city districts on each other depending on prevailing winds which de-termined contaminants transfer from place to place. Our analysis on winds repeatability from May to September over 2006–2016 revealed that North-West wind prevailed in July, and West wind, in May, June, August, and September. Conditions which were favorable for contaminants dispersion were observed only in 30.9 % of months over the examined period; partially favorable or even unfavorable ones occurred in 69.1 % of time. So, natural-climatic conditions existing in Kazan create specific qualitative composition of city air and contaminants are present in atmospheric air above open-air sport facilities in concentrations exceeding maximum permissible ones. It causes potential risks for sportsmen' s health. The obtained data give grounds for air monitoring planning at periods when sport events take place; for organizing work at priority enterprises when meteorological conditions are unfavorable; they can also be applied when changes are made into architectural and design plans for the city territory including transport routes development; or when activities aimed at environment protection are developed and im-plemented.
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