History of “health risk” and its place in the development of preventive medicine

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DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2016.2.01.eng
Authors: 

Е.Е. Shigan

Organization: 

FSBSI “Research Institute of Occupational Medicine”, 31 Budennogo Prospect, Moscow, 105275, Russian Federation

Abstract: 

The main stages of the introduction and development of preventive medicine and the term HEALTH RISK are described. The “risk” definition is related to the works by Max Fasmer and Frank Knight. The development of preventive medicine was also influenced by the works of scientists and physicians of the ancient world and the Middle Ages. Particular attention is paid to the appearance, formation and development of the medical school of Salerno, and the impact of its work and the activities of scientists and teachers on further development of prevention and treatment. The relationship of these two concepts and their history is shown. The author dwells on the prevention development in Russia, paying particular attention to domestic researchers, especially after the victory of the Great October Revolution. Works by N.A. Semashko, Z.P. Soloviev, G.V. Khlopin, A.N. Sysin and F.G. Krotkov played a huge role in the development of preventive medicine in Russia and in the world. The article also represents the prevention medicine development facts in the post-war years – the creation of large schools of medicine, aimed at the prevention of diseases and epidemiological studies of the risk incurred. The article also pays attention to the foundation of International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), some areas of its work, especially in relation to research on the health risks. The itegration at mathematical modeling and forecasting with medicine in general and health in particular, as well as the study of the health concepts of risks at individual nosological examples are written.

Keywords: 
preventive medicine, risk factors, health risks, history of medicine, epidemiological studies, industrial hygiene, occupational health
Shigan Е.Е. History of “health risk” and its place in the development of preventive medicine. Health Risk Analysis. 2016, no.2, pp.4-10. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2016.2.01.eng
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