Современные аспекты регуляторных, патофизиологических и токсических эффектов, вызываемых ионами кобальта при оральном поступлении в организм человека

Файл статьи: 
Иконка PDF health-risk-analysis-2019-3-19.pdf
УДК: 
613.632.2
DOI: 
10.21668/health.risk/2019.3.19
Авторы: 

С.И. Доломатов1, Т.П. Сатаева1, В. Жуков2

Организация: 

1Медицинская академия им. С.И. Георгиевского Крымского федерального университета им. В.И. Вернадского, Россия, 295006, г. Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, 5/7
2Университет Николая Коперника, Польша, 87–100 Торунь, ул. Львовская, 1\

Аннотация: 

Кобальт является жизненно необходимым микроэлементом, незаменимым компонентом нескольких ферментов и коферментов. Ионы кобальта появляются в окружающей среде как из естественных источников, так и вследствие деятельности человека. Этот металл широко распространен в природе и может формироваться в результате антропогенной деятельности. Токсические эффекты, вызываемые кобальтом и его соединениями, зависят от физических и химических свойств данных соединений, включая их электронную структуру, ионные параметры (соотношение заряда и размера) и кинетику. Кобальт может оказывать как благоприятные, так и вредные воздействия на здоровье человека. Он полезен для здоровья потому, что является частью витамина В12, необходимого для поддержания здоровья.

Если люди и животные подвергаются воздействию природных уровней кобальта, он не вредит их здоровью. Но когда в организм поступает избыточное количество кобальта, это может вызвать многочисленные хронические вредные воздействия на здоровье, и чем дольше ионы кобальта сохраняются в организме, тем больше изменений происходит в клетках. Кобальт попадает в организм различными путями: в основном с пищей, через дыхательные пути, через кожу или как компонент различных биоматериалов. Несмотря на то что кобальт встречается в окружающей среде в изобилии, большая часть наших знаний о производимых им эффектах была получена в ходе экспериментов на животных. Несомненно, неорганические формы кобальта токсичны, поскольку они накапливаются в разных тканях и могут запустить цепь каскадных патологических изменений в клетках. Хотя некоторые эффекты, вызываемые кобальтом, могут быть полезны с медицинской точки зрения. В связи с этим цель нашего обзора – проанализировать наиболее значимые регуляторные, патофизиологические и эпигенетические эффекты, вызываемые воздействием Co2+ на организм человека.

Ключевые слова: 
кобальт, соли Co2+, кинетика Co2+, тяжелый металл, токсикология кобальта, патофизиология, эпигенетика
Доломатов С.И., Сатаева Т.П., Жуков В. Современные аспекты регуляторных, патофизиологических и токсических эффектов, вызываемых ионами кобальта при оральном поступлении в организм человека // Анализ риска здоровью. – 2019. – № 3. – С. 161–174. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2019.3.19
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Получена: 
21.05.2019
Принята: 
26.07.2019
Опубликована: 
30.09.2019

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